经典【豆沙月饼】
by 毛毛妈
今年中秋就在9月27号,想自己做月饼的亲们,要煮糖浆了,还来得及。这次用的红豆沙(我的最爱),将红豆煮烂然后直接炒馅,没有将煮好的红豆经过粉碎机打碎减少麻烦,偶尔吃月饼时还会遇到一粒红豆,滋味不错。毛毛外公说好吃又不是太甜。
转化糖浆:
1:白糖4杯(820克),水1又1/4杯(290克),新鲜柠檬2个(榨汁6大匙),白醋2大匙;
2:小苏打1/4茶,水2茶匙;
红豆馅:
3:红豆一包(910克),水4-5杯;
4:白糖2杯(410克)想甜点的用2.5杯,炼乳 1/3杯(78克), 香草香精1.5大匙,玉米油或素油1杯(210克);
饼皮:
5:小苏打(baking soda)1茶匙,水1.5大匙;
6:转化糖浆1又1/3杯(350克),玉米油1/2杯(106克);
7:中筋面粉(all purpose flour)3杯(480克);
蛋液:
8:鸡蛋黄1个,加水1大匙拌匀。
以上皮料可做40个22克重的月饼皮,馅料可以做34-35个80克的馅。
注:1大匙=15毫升=1 Tbsp,1茶匙=5毫升=1 Tsp,1杯=240毫升。
做法:
1、转化糖浆:柠檬洗干净外皮,切开挤汁后,把柠檬切小块。小锅中放糖和水,大火加热至糖溶化,转小火,同时加柠檬汁、柠檬块及白醋(图1)。小火一直煮到糖浆温度为108C,立即离火。小苏打加水溶解后,倒入煮好的糖浆里,搅拌均匀。此时会有很多气泡(图2),没关系,等糖浆凉了以后就好了。完全凉后过滤到容器中,室温密封保存(图3)。糖浆最好放2个星期再用比较香。
2、红豆馅:红豆洗净,放入电压力锅内胆里,加水到8.5杯线,盖上盖子,排气阀放置密封位置,选【手动】档35分钟(图4)。程序完成后,排气打开,搅拌几下(图5)。
3、将煮好的红豆转入 不粘锅里(图6),放入4料里的白糖,炼乳和香草香精中小火炒15分钟至馅没有看见的液体。然后加入4料里的油拌匀(图7),继续炒至馅成团干挺,没什么水气了便可(图8)。待馅冷凉后,然后称量80克的馅,揉成球备用(图9)。我是当天炒好馅就做月饼,将以将做好的豆沙球放入冰箱冷藏30-60分钟,做月饼时比较好操作。
4、豆沙月饼:将5料放一盆里拌匀,然后放入6料的转化糖浆及玉米油拌匀(图10),然后放入7料的面粉,用橡皮刀拌成软面团(图11)。盖上保鲜膜静置0.5~1小时。
5、面团分割成小份,每份22克,手掌放一份月饼皮,两手压压平,上面放一份馅。一只手往下轻推月饼馅,另一只手的手掌轻推月饼皮(图12),使月饼皮慢慢展开,直到把月饼馅全部包住为止(图13)。
6、包好的月饼表皮轻轻的抹一层干面粉,把月饼坯放入 月饼模模型中,轻轻压下(图14),推出月饼(图15),放入铺了烤盘纸的烤盘里(图16)。依次做完所有的月饼,用刷子轻轻刷去表面的面粉。
7、放入预热至395F/200C的烤箱内,烤6分钟后,拿出刷上蛋液(注意要少少量)(图17),温度调到340F/170摄氏度烤7分钟。然后拿出再刷一次蛋液,再烤5分钟,最后开上火低档(Broil Low)2~5分钟上色即可(图18)。各家的烤箱不同,注意调整温度及时间。月饼冷凉后,一定要放入密闭盒里回油1-2天再吃。
1、月饼馅一定要炒干,否则烤月饼时会造成变形,开裂破皮。
2、刷蛋液一定每次少少量,这样花纹会比较清晰。
3、月饼模可以在这里买 Mooncake mold。
更多月饼任你选啊。
转化糖浆资料(来自于私房的为为):
1、转化糖浆是将蔗糖(双糖)利用酸分解,在一定的温度下,转化为单糖(50%果糖及50葡萄糖),所以冷却后,转化糖浆就不会再结晶,它的甜度比普通蔗糖要高。最后加小苏打的目的,是为了中和糖浆的酸性。
2、糖浆浓度和温度是直接相关的,温度越高,糖浆浓度越高。糖浆颜色和开始煮制时加入的水量密切相关,加入的水越多,最后成品颜色越深(因为加热的时间越长)。如果希望糖浆的颜色浅,开始煮制时只加入200ml水就行了。水也不能太少,水越少糖浆升温越快,可能还没有完全转化就到温度了。
3、如果糖浆冷却后,底部有结晶,说明没有完全转化。可以再加些酸(如果柠檬汁或白醋)重新再加热至108摄氏度就可以了。如果冷却后的糖浆太硬太浓,可以加点水重新煮开即可。不过重复煮过的糖浆颜色会变深。
4、如果没有柠檬,全部用白醋代替也可以,不过用柠檬煮出的转化糖浆比较香。
5、很多食谱说,糖浆要煮到这个程度:用筷子挑起一些糖浆,立即投入冰水中,糖浆可以结成软珠。我觉得这个说法不太科学,因为soft ball的温度是115摄氏度,煮成的糖浆一定是太浓了。所以还是建议用温度来衡量,糖浆冷热物理性质差别很大,光凭感觉不太可靠的说~~
6、都说煮好的转化糖浆至少要放1周,使其熟成后才能使用,一直不明白为什么要熟成,我用刚煮好的糖浆做月饼也没问题耶~~很迷惑的说。不过保存时间越长,糖浆越香倒是真的,不会那么直甜。
ZT月饼制作焙烤常见问题解答(来自网路):
1. 月饼为什么几天后表皮就发硬,不回油?
广式月饼的饼皮是否回油主要取决于转化糖浆的质量,饼皮的配方及制作工艺.糖浆的质量关键在其转化度和浓度。转化度是指蔗糖转化葡萄糖和果糖果的程度,转化度越高,饼皮回油越好。影响转化度的因素主要有煮糖浆时的加水量、加酸量及种类、煮制时间等。浓度是指含糖量,常用的转化糖浆浓度在75%左右即可,含糖量越高,回油越好,故某些厂家把浓度提高到85%以上。
月饼皮的配方和制作工艺对其是否回油起着重要作用。如果配方把面粉当作100%用的话,油就不可能加入35%,因为25-30%已达到顶点。如果只考虑糖浆、油和枧水三者的配比,面粉用量再根据软硬来调节,这样面皮中的面粉用量则不会稳定。国内很多厂家都不习惯按标准配方的形式来设计配方,这 是不科学的。如果月饼不回油,极有可能是用料配方的问题。应按面粉为100%、糖浆75%、油25%的配方来调制饼皮,如果按这一想法生产月饼,饼皮仍不 回油,那就是转化糖浆质量太差。
转化糖浆的质量。衡量转化糖浆质量的标准是转达化率和浓度。当前,我国的转化糖浆多是厂家自己煮制,不同的师傅煮制的方法各有不同,造成糖浆质量也不同。如按科学方法来煮 制转化糖浆,控制足够的水量和一定煮制的时间,则是十分关键的。高品质的糖浆,月饼烤熟第二天就回软。
饼皮的配料是否合理,通常月饼皮的含水量油量和糖浆用量要协调,糖浆太多,油太少,饼皮光泽不佳;糖浆太少,油太多,饼皮回软慢.
月饼馅的软硬程度及其含油量。广式月饼的特点就是皮薄馅厚,馅是帮助回软的主要因素。如果馅料的含水量油量很少,或者有皮很厚,馅很少,这种月饼回软也慢。
2. 月饼烘焙时为什么易发生饼皮馅料分离现象,饼皮剥落现象?
饼皮与馅料不粘结,主要原因有两个方面:
一、 由于馅料中油分太高,或是因馅料炒制方法有误,使馅料泻油,即油未能完全与其他物料充分混合,油脂渗透出馅料。这种情况会引起月饼包馅时,皮与馅不能很好粘结,烤熟后同样是皮与馅分离。如馅料泻油特别严重,月饼烤熟后存入时间越长,饼皮脱离越严重。
二、 饼皮配方中油分太高,搅拌饼皮后,饼皮搅拌过度, 也会引起饼皮泻油。泻油的饼皮同样也会使饼皮与馅料脱离。
解决方法:主要方法就是防止泻油现象的出现。如果是馅料泻油,可以在馅料中加入3至5%的糕粉,将馅料与糕粉搅拌均匀。若是皮料泻油,可以在配方中减少油脂用量,增加糖浆的用量。搅拌饼皮时应按正常的加料顺序和搅拌程度,这是防止饼皮泻油的关键。
3. 如何才能保证广式月饼的颜色达到要求?
广式月饼的颜色,主要由两部分构成,其一是糖浆的颜色。如果煮糖浆时把糖浆的颜色煮黑了,饼皮的颜色就很难达到要求。糖浆的颜色与糖浆的煮制时间,煮制时 火大小及使用的糖浆设备有关。其次,饼皮的颜色与调节饼皮时加入枧水浓度和用量有关,当饼皮的酸碱度偏酸性时,饼皮着色困难;当枧水的用量增加,饼皮碱性 增大,饼皮着色加快,枧水越多,饼皮颜色越深,减少枧水的用量,就可以使饼皮的颜色变浅。第三个方面是减少烘烤时间和相对降低炉温,也可减轻饼皮的颜色, 但一定要保证月饼完全烤熟,否则月饼易发霉。
4. 如何解决广式月饼的饼皮花纹及文字变形问题?
广式月饼皮的字变形,主要是由于糖浆浓度太高或者是饼皮中糖浆加入量太多引起,传统的广式月饼皮都很薄,馅料与皮饼的比例在9:1到8:2之间,如 果月饼的皮太厚,而糖浆浓度很高,这种皮料就容易变形,所以如果加工的月饼是厚皮月饼,那么在煮糖时就应有意识地把糖浆煮稀一些(糖度在80度以下)。另 外,当饼皮的配方中糖浆用量与油脂用量不协调,糖浆用量过多,油脂太少的皮料,也容易引起变形。
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